1. ʻO ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka oxygen ma ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā puʻu kekahi o nā kūlana kumu no ka hana ʻana i ka aerobic fermentation.ʻO ka hana nui o ka huli ʻana:
①E hāʻawi i ka oxygen e hoʻolōʻihi i ka hana fermentation o nā microorganisms;②Hoʻoponopono i ka mahana o ka puʻu;③Hoʻomaloʻo i ka puʻu.
Inā liʻiliʻi ka helu o ka huli ʻana, ʻaʻole lawa ka nui o ka ea e hāʻawi i ka oxygen lawa no nā microorganisms, e pili ana i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana fermentation;inā kiʻekiʻe ka helu o ka huli ʻana, hiki ke nalowale ka wela o ka puʻu compost, e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka pōʻino o ka fermentation.ʻO ka maʻamau e like me ke kūlana, hoʻohuli ʻia ka puʻu 2-3 mau manawa i ka wā fermentation.
2. Hoʻopili ka maʻiʻo o ka mea ola i ka mahana o ka mālama ʻana a me ka ea a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka oxygen.
He haʻahaʻa loa ka ʻike o ka mea organik, ʻaʻole lawa ka wela i hana ʻia e ka decomposition e hoʻolaha a mālama i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka bacteria thermophilic i ka fermentation, a paʻakikī i ka puʻu compost ke hiki i ka pae wela kiʻekiʻe, e pili ana i ka maʻemaʻe a me ka maʻemaʻe. hopena ino ole o ka fermentation.Eia kekahi, ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka mea organik, e hoʻopilikia ia i ka pono o ka fertilizer a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiwai o nā huahana fermented.Inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka ʻike o ka mea olaola, e koi ʻia ka nui o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka oxygen, e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka puʻu no ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka oxygen, a hiki ke hana i nā kūlana anaerobic hapa ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka hāʻawi oxygen.ʻO 20-80%.
3. ʻO ka lakene C/N maikaʻi loa he 25:1.
I ka fermentation, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka organik C ma ke ʻano he kumu ikehu no nā microorganisms.Hoʻopili ʻia ka hapa nui o ka organik C a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i CO2 a hoʻololi ʻia i ka wā o ka microbial metabolism, a ʻo ka hapa o C ka mea o nā microorganism ponoʻī.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Nitrogen i ka synthesis o nā protoplasts, a ʻo ka ʻoi loa o ka C / N ratio ʻo 4-30 e pili ana i nā pono meaʻai o nā microorganisms.Aia ka lakene C/N o ka mea olaola ma kahi o 10, ua decomposed ka mea ola e na microorganisms ma ka helu kiekie loa.
Me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ratio C/N, ua lōʻihi ka manawa fermentation.Ke 20, 30-50, 78 ka lākiō C / N o ka mea maka, ʻo ka manawa fermentation e pili ana i 9-12 mau lā, 10-19 mau lā, a me 21 mau lā, akā inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lākiō C / N ma mua o 80. I ka wā: 1, paʻakikī wale ka hoʻokō ʻana.
ʻO ka lākiō C / N o kēlā me kēia fermentation maka mea maʻamau: sawdust 300-1000, mauʻu 70-100, mea maka 50-80, manure kanaka 6-10, manure bipi 8-26, manure puaʻa 7-15, manure moa 5 -10 , ʻO ka lepo lepo 8-15.
Ma hope o ka hoʻopuehu ʻana, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ratio C/N ma mua o ka hoʻopulapula ʻana, maʻamau 10-20:1.ʻO kēia ʻano C/N ratio o ka decomposing a me ka fermenting ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka mahiʻai.
4. Inā kūpono ka makū e pili pono i ka wikiwiki fermentation a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka decomposing.
No ka fermentation sludge, ʻo 55-65%.Ma ka hana maoli, penei ke ano ma'alahi o ka ho'oholo 'ana: e ho'opa'a pa'a i ka mea me kou lima e hana i poepoe, a e loa'a nā kaha wai, akā 'oi aku ka maika'i o ka kulu 'ole o ka wai.ʻO ka wai kūpono loa no ka fermentation o ka mea maka he 55%.
5. ʻO ka granularity
Hāʻawi ʻia ka oxygen i koi ʻia no ka fermentation ma o nā pores o ka fermentation raw material particles.ʻO ka porosity a me ka nui o ka pore e pili ana i ka nui o ka ʻāpana a me ka ikaika kūkulu.E like me ka pepa, nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu, a me nā lole fiber, e hoʻonui ʻia ka nui i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai ka wai a me ke kaomi, a e hoʻemi nui ʻia nā pores ma waena o nā ʻāpana, ʻaʻole kūpono i ka ventila a me ka hāʻawi oxygen.ʻO ka nui o nā ʻāpana kūpono he 12-60mm.
6. pH Hiki i nā microorganisms ke hana hou ma kahi ākea pH nui, a ʻo ka pH kūpono he 6-8.5.ʻAʻohe pono e hoʻoponopono i ka pH i ka wā fermentation.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Feb-27-2023
